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Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism
Rudolf Wittkower Manufacturer: W. W. Norton & Company ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0393005992 |
Book Description
"Professor Wittkower's....studies of humanist architecture are masterpieces of scholarship."-Sir Kenneth Clark, Architectural Review.Customer Reviews:
More than just Architecture!.......2004-03-10
Rudolf Wittkower unknowingly provided in part four the distinction between an elite Quadrivium education containing Boethian "mathematical arts" while "the 'liberal arts' of painting, sculpture, and architecture were regarded as manual occupations" (p. 117). The author explained "That the high Renaissance architects shunned theory" and "that they were practitioners rather than thinkers" (p. 30). And further "Italian architects strove for an easily perceptible ratio between length, height, and depth" (p. 74). So then according to this author, all of the Renaissance architects conception of architecture was based on a "commensurability of ratios" (p. 108).
Rudolf Wittkower indicated "that the [Renaissance] architect is by no means free to apply to a building a system of ratios of his own choosing, that the ratios have to comply with conceptions of a higher order and that a building should mirror the proportions of the human body" (p. 101). In developing the centrally planned church, Renaissance architects faced the dilemma of the pragmatics of church construction combined with the belief in divinity and the acceptance of Roman Catholic dogma.
The Church was to provide the "easily perceptible ratio" with the simple logic that "As man is the image of God and the proportions of his body are produced by divine will, so the proportions in architecture have to embrace and express the cosmic order" (p. 101). That cosmic order and harmony are contained in certain numbers Plato explained in his TIMAEUS.
Assigned to the architects, a Quadrivium trained Roman Catholic friar and musical theorist, Franchino Gaffurio (1451-1522) "in a truly Platonic spirit he regarded this principle of harmony as the basis of macrocosm and microcosm, body and soul, painting, architecture, and medicine" (p. 124). It was under this famous Renaissance musical theorist in 1525 that "the old belief in the mysterious efficacy of certain numbers and ratios was given new impetus" (p. 102). "It was Pythagoras who discovered that tones can be measured in space. What he found was that musical consonances were determined by the ratios of small whole numbers. If two strings are made to vibrate under the same conditions, one being half the length of the other, the pitch of the shorter string will be one octave (diapason) above that of the larger one" (p. 102). "Thus the consonances, on which the Greek musical system was based - octave, fifth, and fourth - can be expressed by the progression 1:2:3:4. One can understand that this staggering discovery made people believe that they had seized upon the mysterious harmony which pervades the universe" (p. 103).
"The musical consonances are determined by the mean proportionals; for that the three means constitute all the intervals of the musical scale had been shown in the TIMAEUS. Classical writers on musical theory discussed this point at great length. An exhaustive exposition is to be found in Boethius' DE MUSICA, first printed in Venice in 1491-92, and of very great importance for the doctrine of numbers throughout the Middle Ages and during the Renaissance" (p. 111).
Yet Boethius's DE MUSICA was de-emphasized by Renaissance architects in recognition that the "harmony of the universe which Plato had described in the TIMAEUS on the basis of Pythagora's discovery of the ratios of musical consonances" prompted the "application of Pythagoreo-Platonic system of harmonic ratios directly to architecture" (p. 125). As it turned out (not surprisingly) "Gafurio [sic] was regarded by his contemporaries as a critic in architectural matters" (p. 125).
The author of ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES IN THE AGE OF HUMANISM provided the evidence that although the Quadrivium of the mathematical arts of music, astronomy, geometry, and Boethian proportion and ratio, was known to the Renaissance high architects, they preferred the 'harmonic proportion'; 'proportion of excess'; and the 'proportio proportionum'; derived directly from Plato's TIMAEUS and Pythagoras's three means (arithmetic, geometric, and the harmonic) over Boethius's DE MUSICA, though it was a substantial part of friar Gaffurio's ecclesiastical education. This resulted in "proportionally integrated 'spatial mathematics', which we have recognized as a distinguishing feature of humanist Renaissance architecture" (p. 26).
In comparison, for the practical application of Boethian proportion and ratios, please read: THE PHILOSOPHER'S GAME (2001) by Dr. Ann E. Moyer, where the rules of Boethian proportion found in rithmomachia, had been clearly defined, though inadvertently, by Rudolf Wittkower.
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ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES IN THE AGE OF HUMANISM.
Manufacturer: Alec Tiranti ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 0854586091 |
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Measuring Vortices: Architectural Principles in the age of Cybernetics
Christop Hight Manufacturer: Routledge ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback ASIN: 0415384826 |
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ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES IN THE AGE OF HUMANISM
RUDOLF WITTKOWER Manufacturer: ACADEMY EDITIONS ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback ASIN: B000S6BO60 |
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Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism
Rudolf Wittkover Manufacturer: The Warburg Institute ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: B000TRBSOQ |
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ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES IN THE AGE OF HUMANISM.
Rudolf. Wittkower Manufacturer: Tiranti ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback ASIN: B000O72Q60 |
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Collage Discovery Workshop: Make Your Own Collage Creations Using Vintage Photos, Found Objects and Ephemera
Claudine Hellmuth Manufacturer: North Light Books ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 1581803435 |
Book Description
Inside readers will find more than a dozen innovative techniques and step by step demonstrations of 12 different collage projects specifically designed to help them achieve the modern, eclectic collage effect that's so popular today.Collage Discovery Workshop shows readers how to rust or antique any object for collage and includes four recipes for creating amazing collage backgrounds from peeling paper to textured paint and so much more. In addition, five different image transfer techniques--for layering vintage photos and other art--along with creative excercises, journaling prompts and tips on altering books are included. Projects consist of the following:
*Collaged tin refrigerator magnets
*Heritage collage to honor a friend or relative
*Miniature candy tin assemblages
*Shadowboxes
*Beeswax collages
For stampers, paper and altered books artists--crafters of any skill level--Collage Discovery Workshop opens up whole new worlds of creativity.
Customer Reviews:
What A Fantastic Book.......2007-09-06
Thanks!.......2007-08-11
Lots of ideas in this one.......2007-08-10
Incredibly Informative Guide.......2007-07-12
Very useful and inspiring!.......2007-06-04
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Collage Creations
Barbara Matthiessen , Kim Ballor , and Tracia Williams Manufacturer: North Light Books ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 1581805462 |
Book Description
Collage Creations is an accessible guide to one of the most enjoyable and creative artistic mediums around. Rather than standalone creations, readers will learn how to use a variety of easy collage techniques to make ordinary items extraordinary.This impressive project collection includes such popular categories as wearables, home d?cor items and gifts. Every easy-to-follow idea ends in a usable item, including: -Frames -Boxes -Greeting cards -Clocks -Shirts -Candleholders
Using fun materials like handmade paper and rubber stamps, crafters will learn how to get fresh collage effects fast. It's never been easier to achieve this popular style!
Customer Reviews:
Collage Creations.......2004-08-30
Collage Creations.......2004-07-27
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Collage : technique et création
Nita Leland , and Virginia Lee Williams Manufacturer: Ulisse ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback ASIN: 2907601512 |
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Passage to Vietnam: Through the Eyes of Seventy Photographers
Manufacturer: Against All Odds Productions & Melcher Media ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover Similar Items:
ASIN: 1885559003 |
Amazon.com
A fascinating look at an ancient nation in the midst of dramatic change. Spectacular photographs and a detailed text present an intimate and comprehensive look at Vietnam. To create this unusual portrait, 70 photographers from fourteen countries were given unprecedented access to a country that is just now emerging from decades of war and isolationism.Magnum photographer Bruno Barbey rides along with thousands of pilgrims down the Swallow River to the Perfume Pagoda. Pulitzer Prize-winner Jay Dickman travels to the northern highlands, where he photographs the ancient Hmong tribe. And former Life photographer Kick Swanson goes back to Vietnam for the first time since the war, photographing its lingering effects on the people of the Quang Tri Province.
The photographs are complemented by captions written by Fortune magazine editor Colin Leinster. In addition, noted travel writer Pico Iyer shares his impressions of a country just awakening from twenty years of isolation. Pulitzer Prize-winner Stanley Karnow explores the long struggle the Vietnamese have waged to preserve their homeland. And Vietnam Investment Review correspondent Peter Saidel gives an insider's look at Vietnam as socialism and commerce meet face to face.
Customer Reviews:
Excellent........2002-01-14
In 1994, 70 photographers descended on Vietnam for a week to take pictures of the Vietnamese at work from north to south. They caught people in the middle of shopping, selling, eating, working, napping, and so on. The result is a fascinating book detailing the life of Vietnamese during that week.
While most pictures are interesting and original, a few are unique to the Vietnamese society.
A deeply cultural perspective on lifestyles, culture, values.......1997-03-14
Entertainment Weekly says:.......1996-10-20
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Passage To Vietnam : Through the Eyes of Seventy Photographers
R. & Erwitt Smolan Manufacturer: Against All Odds Pub. ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: B000RPUSSW |
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Passage to Vietnam: Through the Eyes of Seventy Photographers
Rick & Erwitt, Jennifer Smolan Manufacturer: Against All Odds Publishers ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: B000O6JDSK |
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Uncle Scrooge #323 (Uncle Scrooge (Graphic Novels))
Various Manufacturer: Gemstone Publishing ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0911903232 |
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Five Seconds to Air: Broadcast Journalism Behind the Scenes
Bob Losure Manufacturer: Providence House Publishers ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 1577361075 |
Customer Reviews:
Great to read about Bob.......2002-05-25
Go ahead...Put me out of my misery!.......2000-11-14
Old Friend Does Well.......2000-11-14
My Friend Has a Best-Seller!!.......1999-08-19
Broadcasters Have A Life Also.......1998-09-29
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Chalk Dust on My Shoulder
Charles G. Rousculp Manufacturer: Merrill Pub Co ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 0675095433 |
Customer Reviews:
A great man and a Great Teacher.......2002-10-22
Still timely after all these years.......2002-01-30
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Chalk Dust on My Shoulder
Charles G., Illustrated by Robison, Donald Rousculp Manufacturer: Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill Publishing, 1969 ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: B000NZ8H6G |
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Dust on My Shoulders
Peter Marr Manufacturer: Xlibris Corporation ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback ASIN: 1401056407 |
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