Book Description
A theoretical and practical guide that enables readers to make sound investment and financing decisions
This book is a technical finance book that surveys the private capital markets-the major uncharted financial market. Representing nearly half of the U.S. gross national product, these markets are largely ignored, partially because of the difficulty obtaining information and because of the lack of a unified structure to approach them. This book provides a structured framework that owner-managers and their professional advisors can use to effectively deal with the complicated issues of valuation and capital structure and transfer issues.
Robert T. Slee, CBA, CPIM (Charlotte, NC), is President of Robertson Foley, an investment banking firm providing corporate finance service to private companies.
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A theoretical and practical guide that enables readers to make sound investment and financing decisions
This book is a technical finance book that surveys the private capital markets-the major uncharted financial market. Representing nearly half of the U.S. gross national product, these markets are largely ignored, partially because of the difficulty obtaining information and because of the lack of a unified structure to approach them. This book provides a structured framework that owner-managers and their professional advisors can use to effectively deal with the complicated issues of valuation and capital structure and transfer issues.
Robert T. Slee, CBA, CPIM (Charlotte, NC), is President of Robertson Foley, an investment banking firm providing corporate finance service to private companies.
Customer Reviews:
Comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to valuation.......2007-09-16
This book clarifies several obscure aspects and concepts of valuation of any company by providing an innovative approach to the subject, and its content also reflects well the needs of those working with evaluating non listed assets or willing to further understanding myriad aspects that are important in any transaction involving small to middle market companies.
Valuation and deal making practitioners will find in this book an in-depth conceptual understanding of the risk-reward trade-off existing in major capital structure decisions by looking at all major funding alternatives, their risk, cost to borrower and return to fund providers at different levels of claims and their consequent pledges.
In addition, this book provides a fresh view on different levels/structures of financial sponsoring companies, ownership and/or control issues and other intricacies regarding the relation of entrepreneurs and financists when dealing with transaction's high level issues.
At Last...a Finance and Valuation Text for Privately Owned Companies!.......2007-01-24
Performing fair market valuations keeps thousands of appraisers busy in the United States. Most professional appraisers rarely venture outside of this one standard of value. Now imagine if fair market value accounted for less than 10% of the appraisal needs of the private capital markets. The private appraisal market would be huge! This is just one of the many messages contained in Robert T. Slee's book, Private Capital Markets.
Slee's book is not strictly a valuation book; rather, it is a conceptual Lewis & Clark-type survey of the private capital markets. This is the first book that attempts to develop a unified structure for the analysis of these markets. Think of it as a private finance textbook. Why do we need this?
Slee's premise is that the body of financial knowledge explaining the behavior of private players differs from corporate finance. Economists created corporate finance in the 1960s to explain the behavior of large public companies. Since that time, business professors have taught finance as if only public companies exist in the market. In fact, more than 99% of the companies in the United States are privately held. Private Capital Markets, on the other hand, focuses on the financial motives and needs of private company owners and their advisors.
In this book, Slee establishes private capital markets theory. This theory describes an integrated body of knowledge encompassing the valuation, capitalization and transfer of private companies, particularly those with annual revenues between $5 million and $500 million. Slee designed this theory to help players make better financing and investment decisions in private markets. He asserts that business owners can create competitive advantages with these tools.
Slee explains that valuation, capital, and transfer issues are inter-related and inter-dependent. This means that you cannot fully understand valuation, capital, or transfer discretely: You must first understand how they all fit together. He calls this holistic interconnection Triangulation. Each chapter of the book triangulates the reader's position so they understand their position within the private markets.
Slee introduces the new framework of value worlds to explain valuation, capital, and transfer. Value worlds dramatically extend the appraisal concept of standard of value. We all know that value is relative to the purpose of an appraisal. Slee illustrates how purpose selects a value world. As many value worlds exist as there are appraisal purposes. There are dozens. Because the valuation rules are different in each world, every private company has dozens of correct values at the same time.
Who sets the rules? Various authorities create and enforce the rules in each value world. For instance, in the fair market value world, the IRS, tax courts, ERISA laws, appraisal societies, and various other authorities tell appraisers how to value business interests within each's sphere of influence. Some authorities (IRS) have fairly strong sanctioning power; others (administrative rulings) can only suggest a course of action. Most value worlds, such as the owner or investment value worlds, have only one or two authorities. Slee's value world construct puts appraisers in their true role: as interpreters of authorities' decisions. This won't sit well with many appraisal purists, who for years have believed that they are authorities.
Slee views valuation as the common language that unites the private capital markets. He argues that we need this language to communicate with each other over capital structure and business transfer issues. Thus, the book surveys the entire capital and transfers spectrums of the private capital markets. It describes all institutional types of capital in terms of their access, sample terms, and effective all-in costs. Finally, Slee explains all transfer methods making up the private business transfer spectrum.
One surprise that springs from the book is that transfer methods select value worlds. This means that once a business owner chooses the method (ESOP, recapitalization, estate-planning, etc.) of transferring their business, they also choose (unknowingly in most cases) the transfer value as well.
This book and subsequent analyses of the private markets will likely impact fair market value appraisals significantly in a way that the book does not address. Businesses appraised for fair market value purposes are real flesh and blood businesses that operate in the private markets. As our young profession matures, continuing to treat private companies as if they operated in a market similar to the public markets will appear more futile.
Private Capital Markets is comprehensive and is aimed at the serious reader. Because we can competently value private businesses only to the extent we understand the private markets, this book belongs in every appraiser's library.
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Private Capital Markets: Valuation, Capitalization, and Transfer of Private Business Interests.(Book Review) : An article from: Issues in Accounting Education
Barbara W. Scofield
Manufacturer: American Accounting Association
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ASIN: B000ALSQOG
Release Date: 2005-07-25 |
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Life-Cycle Savings and Public Policy: A Cross-National Study of Six Countries
Manufacturer: Academic Press
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ASIN: 0121098915 |
Book Description
The key to understanding household saving is obtaining appropriate data. Dealing with differences between rich and poor households, for example, or the old and the young, require observation of a large number of households. The focus of this study is to obtain data on many households from a number of different countries and to examine them in a coherent fashion. The hope is that through these observations we can learn about the ways policies affect savings and that other differences among savers can be controlled for, instead of being blamed on "cultural differences
* Features a consistent framework among chapters
* Reaches a harmony between measurement and analysis to compare accurately the resulting data and statistics
* Provides econometric methodology to reveal the way policies affect savings
Customer Reviews:
FANTASTIC WORK OF NON-FICTION!!!!.......2004-04-08
This book is even better than her last book, What Cops Know. Every page is juicy with details of life on the streets, at police headquarters, and in the lives of individual police officers. Fletcher writes in a direct, clear, and sensible way that is easy for the layman to understand. No excess verbiage is ever used in Connie's books. "Just the facts, M'am, just the facts."
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Guide to Plant Pathogenic Bacteria
J. F. Bradbury
Manufacturer: CABI
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ASIN: 0000000973 |
Book Description
The second edition of this invaluable reference work represents a substantial update encompassing the full range of information on nomenclature, synonymy, characteristics, type cultures, host ranges, symptoms and geographical distribution for known plant pathogenic bacteria. The recent expensive revision of the taxonomy of these bacteria, largely as a result of the increasing use of molecular and chemosystematic techniques is also included.
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Laboratory Guide for the Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria
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Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture)
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ASIN: 9024734762
Release Date: 2007-03-30 |
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Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria// Proceedings)
Manufacturer: Springer
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ASIN: 0792371100 |
Book Description
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria includes symposia and research papers presented at the 10th International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. The book provides the complete text of 22 symposia papers that summarize the state-of-the-art of the many facets of phytobacteriology including disease control, taxonomy, genetics of pathogenicity, virulence factors, as well as detection and diagnosis. These topics are also included among research papers, presented orally or as posters at the conference, and here presented in research paper format, conveniently separated in different sections by subject matter. This book will be an essential resource for scientists and students with an interest in plant pathogenic bacteria for it provides much new data and summarizes current thinking in almost all areas of the science. Nowhere else can one find so much information on plant pathogenic bacteria in a single resource.
Book Description
This new edition of Biological Anthropology is evolutionary in perspective in the belief that evolution is the only unifying theory that can clearly explain the existing array of biological and cultural data. The basics of anthropological theory and human genetics are introduced before the topics of vertebrate evolution, primate evolution and social behavior, human evolution and behavior, and human variation and adaptation. In each section, behavior, morphology, adaptation, and ecology are discussed to provide the comparative basis for human origins. Includes expanded sections on genetics, with a new chapter on classic genetics (Ch. 2), and a new chapter on Darwinian evolution (Ch. 3); a new chapter on the living primates, their distribution and anatomical adaptations (Ch. 7); an expanded section on
Homo
, including a new chapter on
Homo sapiens sapiens; and a new chapter on hominoid and human behavior (Ch. 13), which combines the evolution of hominoid behavior and the evolution of human social behavior.
Average customer rating:
- "Close but no cigar"
- Fascinating synthesis of biological evolution and physics
|
Physical Approaches to Biological Evolution
M. V. Volkenstein
Manufacturer: Springer-Verlag Telos
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Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0387576525 |
Book Description
This book presents a lucid account of physical and mathematical approaches to the fundamental problems of evolutionary biology. The first part treats the interrelations of physics and biology, criticizing in particular the so-called anti-reductionist school. Ideas such as gradualism and punctualism in evolution are described and analysed. The second part is devoted to the molecular foundations of evolution: structure and dynamics of proteins, molecular drive, noncoding DNA. Finally, the problems of evolutionary biology are treated on the basis of synergetics and information theory. In the 1930s Darwin's theory of evolution was united with population genetics. The present book is the first attempt to unify this longstanding framework with our modern knowledge of molecular biology.
Customer Reviews:
"Close but no cigar".......2005-02-08
The late Dr Volkenstein's book was good in dispelling some myths in the
relevance of (syntatic) information theory [quantitatively developed in the
1940's by Claude Shannon as part of his Communications theory for Bell
Labratories] to biology and even took a stab at a form of semantic
information theory, though admitting it fell short of anything useful.
However by making a few errors as noted below he reaches some false
conclusions.
Some of these myths are widespread and their solutions are as follows:
(Note that I have not seen these properly covered in any other book. His few
errors are also widespread misconceptions.)
Myth 1. "Polanyi maintained [in the 1960's] that 'all objects which convey
information are irreducible to the laws of physics and chemistry." [pg. 340;
all of this in Chpter 10]
Answer: "Polanyi was mistaken because he could not know the physics of
dissipative systems or synergetics."
Myth 2. That energy (or heat Q) is equal to or proportional to information
(I).
Answer: In real world irreversible processes they are related by an
inequality.
He does not derive this formula but see for instance molecular biologist Dr
Thomas Schneider's website:
KTln(2)
<= -Q/I
This formula is usually taken as an equality ignoring the Clausius
inequality of entropy and heat for irreversible systems. This leads to
endless debates among physicists about the 'arrow of time.' By deriving this
simple formula Dr Schneider makes the debate moot; all real systems are
irreversible. [Over a century ago Boltzman actually erred in equating his
statistical or 'logical' entropy with disorder as noted below. This debate
has never ended amongst the physicists; many of whom support Boltzman nomatter what.]
Myth 3. That only the erasure of information has a minimum energy cost
("Landauer's principle") or that 'any quantity of information can be reset
in a thermodynamically reversible manner.' [A physicist.]
Answer: The above equation in 2. actually means that there is a minimum energy
cost to gain one 'bit' of information. One actually has to solve this
problem at the real world molecular level to demonstrate that 'Maxwell's
demon' is a fantasy (i.e. reversible thermodynamics.) Volkenstein could not
do this (due to errors noted below) but at least he recognized that "The
reception of information is a non-equilibrium, irreversible process of
transition of the receptor system from an ...unstable state to a more stable
state." [Ch. 10 cont'd]
Dr Schneider has formally developed the relationship of information theory
with molecular biology that Volkenstein did not foresee. As Schneider writes
"Single molecules perform a variety of tasks in cells, from replicating,
controlling and translating the genetic material to sensing the outside
environment...In a sense, each molecule must make tiny decisions. To make a
decision, each 'molecular machine' [a single macromolecule/complex] must
dissipate an energy in the presence of thermal noise." Schneider discovered,
with some fairly complex math (and as part of his PhD thesis in the 1980's),
that for ribosomes and other genetic systems that the sequence conservation
at binding sites is close to the information needed to find them. He then
invented 'sequence logos' as a graphic representation of binding sites and
proteins. Schneider writes "Bennett and Landauer have proposed that it is
not necessary to dissipate energy in order to perform computation. We can
show this is correct...However, [ribosomes for e.g.] must dissipate energy
in order to bind at [RNA; 'a ribosome is a collection of proteins and RNA, which read messenger RNA and uses that information to construct proteins']. Therefore each completed operation ('output')
performed by a molecular machine in the presence of thermal noise must be
accompanied by a dissipation of energy, according to the Second Law of
Thermodynamics." [i.e. the Clausius inequality for entropy S >= Q/T] "This
distinction was recognized by Feynman...[and] resolves a longstanding
dispute."
Myth 4. That information is equal to randomness (or that maximum information
is randomness).
Answer: This myth arises by not properly following Shannon's definition that
information is a state function difference between uncertainty to a receptor
before and after a change of state. Volkenstein essentially explains this
correctly but then misapplies it, per the next points.
If H is uncertainty to a receptor then I = Hbefore - Hafter.
Myth 5. That entropy is a measure of disorder.
Answer: It can be but it may not be. Disorder may or may not increase with
entropy (and can also be subjective when we speak about 'measurements';
disorder to one person may be order to another; e.g. 'heavy metal' music!).
For instance, when water freezes the molecules become more ordered but
entropy of the surrounding atmosphere must increase under 'the 2nd law'.
However entropy here is a measure of energy dispersal (as it always is) and
not disorder (as it is sometimes not). Volkenstein does not make this
distinction and so he then falls into a trap, next.
Myth 6. That entropy and information cannot be related.
Here Volkenstein is nearly right (that they can be) but his error is
widespread with profound consequences.
He derives the equation-
S = Kln(2)I [K being Boltzman's constant]
Here he ignores the correct definition he quoted in 4. above that information I is a
state function difference. His I should be substituted by H. From Shannon I
= -
<>H and Schneider correctly derives (possibly for the first time at his
website)
<>S = -Kln(2)I.
This distinction is critical in properly equating entropy and information in
the right units and avoiding equating them with randomness. However by
making this mistake Volkenstein then concludes that micro information is
entropy and that information can only arise at the macro level where the
only useful information is semantic. Volkenstein then leaves the micro world
and was unable to forsee the revolution developing in communications theory
with nanotechnology (Feynman came much closer decades earlier).
Myth 7. That information is subjective and observer-dependant.
Answer: This is widely believed by physicists who typically fail to properly
apply Shannon's theory of state function differences. While the measurement
may seem subjective this does not properly use the definition of
uncertainty. To draw an analogy, disorder generally has an objective
appearance; everyone can distinguish a messy room for an orderly one.
However by applying a very specific definition of uncertainty at the
molecular level, Schneider was able to eliminate subjectivity entirely. He
defines uncertainty as "the logrithmatic measurement of the average number
of choices that a receiver or molecular machine has available, or
H = -Sum[Pi.log(2).Pi] [Pi being the probablity of the ith symbol based on
the frequency definition; and ignoring the correction for 'small sample
sizes'.]
Obviously it takes an interpreter (e.g. human or computer) to compute and use the formula but the answer is
observer-independant! Schneider points out that if a molecular machine is
at the end of a process in the same state as it begins then it cannot have gained any
information, "just as a computer memory does not gain any information if we
fill it with data and then remove the data again. Thus only a path
independant function of state, [I = Hbefore - Hafter; Schneider actually
uses the symbol R to avoid confusion with the observer-based formula below]
is appropriate to use for information [that] a single molecular machine gains
during its operation. External observers and the measurements they make are
not relevant to the problem." Schneider contrasts the formula with the
maximum information an observer would gain by observing a system: I =
Sum[PiAfter.log2.(PiAfter/PiBefore]; essentially the 'Jaynes approach' which is 'path dependant', based on Bayesian probability theory. With this ammunition Schneider recently developed and patented a molecular
computer! As he says information theory is very useful for making biological discoveries and "I think the key to the future is coding theory!" So Volkenstein 'missed the boat' when he concluded for his chapter 10 that "the conventional cannonical information theory (i.e. the theory of communications) which does not take into account semantics, provides almost nothing of value to biology", but so did nearly everyone else, and he
helped dispose of many myths that nevertheless continue. A 'state of the
art' book on this subject has yet to be written! Dr Schneider perhaps?
Fascinating synthesis of biological evolution and physics.......2000-05-18
Writing as someone trained in physics, but having a life-long side interest in biology, this is a great little volume that covers many of the physical processes important for understanding modern biology. Although it is written as an introduction, and so it is not very technical at all (for anyone having studied physics extensively), each chapter is still an inviting and broad look at some of the most interesting current problems in biology today, including adaptation, development, and evolution. There's also a nice analysis in the very first chapter, useful for rebutting creationists who claim that evolution violates thermodynamics.
Average customer rating:
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NMR of Ordered Liquids
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 1402013434 |
Book Description
NMR of Ordered Liquids gives a unique overview of the scope and limitations of the NMR of oriented liquids, based on contributions from acknowledged experts in the field. The book consists of four sections:
-detailed general introduction which covers the basic principles and sophisticated experimental techniques;
-wide variety of applications ranging from NMR studies of small atoms and molecules in anisotropic liquids to the utilization of residual dipolar couplings for structure determination of biological molecules;
-summary of the sophisticated theoretical treatments, computer simulations, and phenomenological models for anisotropic intermolecular interactions that are widely used in the analysis of experimental results;
-overview of the dynamical aspects and relaxation processes relevant for orientationally ordered molecules.
This book deserves a place on the book shelf of all those active or interested in the field of NMR of ordered liquids. The book starts from first principles before treating all relevant state-of-the-art theoretical and experimental methods. As a result, it is eminently suitable as an authoritative guide for specialized graduate courses.
This book will be an invaluable resource for researchers and graduate students in the fields of NMR and Liquid Crystals, scientists and students who wish to get an overview of modern developments of NMR of Oriented Liquids, and university staff involved in the teaching of spectroscopic methods. It is especially useful for students and experts who are interested in NMR and its application to the study of liquid crystals, membranes and protein structure determination.
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Liquid Crystals (Partially Ordered Systems)
Ronald Y. Dong
Manufacturer: Springer-Verlag
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 0387941215 |
Book Description
Liquid crystals have become ubiquitous in the displays for electronic devices, ranging from wrist watches to laptop computers. Nuclear magnetic resonance is one of the important mechanisms for determining their structures tures and properties. This book covers NMR techniques used in studying liquid crystals and present up to date results from such studies. Ronald Dong has worked on NMR in liquid crystals for much of his professional career. Topics covered include: Nuclear spin dynamics, orientational order, molecular field theories of liquid-crystal molecules, nuclear spin relaxation, spin relaxation, rotational and translational dynamics, internal dynamics of liquid-crystal molecules, NMR in liquid crystals; an appendix covers rotations, Euler angles and Wigner rotation matrices.
Book Description
This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
NMR spectroscopy has, in many instances, proved to be an important tool for the rapid, non-invasive analysis of liquid foods. However, achieving improved and more complete spectral assignment poses several difficulties due to strong signal overlap and low abundance of many components of interest. This paper presents preliminary applications of diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) to complex liquid foods such as fruit juices and beer, as a complementary aid to spectral assignment based on the hydrodynamic volume, and hence diffusivity of different components. The usefulness of this technique is shown mainly for aliphatic and aromatic compounds found in juices and beer and the difficulties posing challenges for future work are discussed.
Book Description
He's back! In a voice more cantankerous and comically pungent than ever, George Carlin spouts off on everything from British royalty ("A Day in the Life of Henry VIII") to auto racing ("Sports Should Be Fixed") to American politics ("Don't Blame the Leaders"). With his manic mind and motor mouth in high gear, he rants against anyone who tells him to "have a nice day" and skewers the euphemism epidemic ("To be honest, some of this language makes me want to vomit. Well, perhaps 'vomit' is too strong a word. It makes me want to engage in a involuntary personal protein spill"). When Carlin's in a more reflective mood, he reveals, "I couldn't commit suicide if my life depended on it," and ponders the really big questions, like "Is a vegetarian permitted to eat animal crackers?" and "Griddle cakes, pancakes, hotcakes, flapjacks: why are there four names for grilled batter and only one word for love?" What his candid take on "life's little moments" lacks in political correctness, it more than makes up for in gut-busting laughs. He's the guy who dares say what the rest of us hesitate even to think. And he does so in ways that are often raunchy and always riotous.
Customer Reviews:
Reflux disease. .......2006-07-10
Buy used, and only to complete a collection. It is funny, but it is the comedic equivalent to a reflux disease and the up-swallow of all his old work. Carlin fans already own the bulk of this in one capacity or another. If you are a female this artist often feels rough, sort of psycho, and angry bitter. As a woman you sort of wonder how his wife puts up with the madness because he has no soft or sly delivery techniques in this work. He is in your face and on a rant with no answers offered to the problems of the world he obliterates. Just complaints.
This is a created to be gift for a liberal guy in his 50's who remembers that Carlin actually HAS made a political contribution to our society through his work on free speech. If you have no idea what to get your uncle, brother, or father for his 50Th birthday get the whole set of George Carlin on CD. This as a book is sort of sad, and as a CD is best bought to complete a set. If you are buying only one item of this artist it is not stand alone quality.
RICH CHICKS specializes in media that is purchased by women. We read hundreds of books every year and are serious about or recommendations. We review materials that are of interest to our female demographic. We do not get a kick-back or commission for our reviews so they are left as an impartial judge.
Carlin at his best.......2004-10-28
It's difficult for people like George Carlin to live in such a crazy country. Anyone with a logical and objective mind can see the silliness of religion. It is the greatest scam ever pulled on mankind. The religious right with their backwardness and ignorance have plenty of time on their hands hence all the bad reviews here. Well if you lot want to chant on a daily basis to an invisible man in the sky that's your business.... the rest of us will just laugh our heads off at you and make sure your moralistic and hypocritical rules don't invade our wonderful free country. Go and join the taliban and form your own country and enjoy many hours a day chanting at the sky. It's a wonderful book from an american genius.
Why would You Get This Published.......2004-10-08
WHAt Kind of an as*h*** writes down 300 pages of questions and doesnt give one f***ing answer. Think About that Eh!
Too much recycled material here.......2002-11-29
Much of this - and I mean MUCH of this - most Carlin fans already own in one capacity or another. A lot of this consists of material drawn from his "You Are Diseased" record and other older stuff as well, so if you're already a fan, steer clear. Having his material prsented in an audiobook format (him in a studio reading into a microphone with no crowd interplay) just deadens much of the material and makes you overly conscious of how he does the magic. There are times when he reads off stuff that, when you hear it live, you think is aside material (the errant curse word, the witty follow-up). When presented here, this normally dicey flavor just comes off scripted and flat.
Stick to his live records. This is just an attempt to stay in the mix because the book versions do so well (bearing in mind, the books basically codify his stage material beyond the excellent "Brain Droppings" tome).
Classic unapologetic Carlin.......2002-06-04
People probably thought I was insane as I drove past them in my car laughing at this very funny audiobook. I have to guess that the audio version is better than the text because Carlin's delivery is so fantastic. You really have to hear the way he says it to get the full impact of the humor.
Carlin is a master at two things:
1.) Carefully choosing the exact words to describe stupid things about life
2.) Expression and delivery
In this book he talks about some of the silly things we say like, "Give my love to so and so" and "Do you have the time"? Both very funny sketches.
Its not a live comedy show so there is no laugh track which I find makes the silly nature of the subjects even more amusing.
At times, he goes overboard and I think his far left political commentary will offend but I'm sure he doesn't care. Some of the jokes aren't that funny and I think he was running short on the "A" material. Nevertheless, there is plenty of hilarious stuff here and if you're a fan of George Carlin you won't want to miss it.
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